Serudzi rwezvinyorwa, noodles nyowani uye dzakanyorova uye dzakanyorova dzine hunhu hwerudzi runyoro uye hunyoro, hwakakora, hunyoro, hutano nehutano, uye hutsanana uye hutsanana uye hutsanana nekudya. Kuenzaniswa nenoodle dzakaomeswa, noodles nyowani uye dzakanyorova zvine zvakanakira kutsva, kuravira kwakanaka, uye kugadzirwa kwakaderera mutengo [1]. Vakafarirwa nevanhu nguva dzese, uye marudzi avo mazhinji. Nekudaro, iyo nguva yekugadzirisa iyo yekuravira uye kuravira kwetsika dzechinyakare dzakanyorova manhau dzinowanzo kupfupika. Maitiro ekuvandudza kubereka kwemanyoro emanyoro emvura asina kukanganisa hupenyu hwesherufu achiri kuoma.
Mhedzisiro yekugadzirisa tekinoroji pane kutetepa kwemapepa etsva emvura
Tekinoroji yetsika yemanyoro ezvinyorwa zvitsva zvinyoro zvinowanzo kusanganisira kusanganisa uye kusanganisa, kudzora, kurongedza (mhepo yekudzvanya (kurongedza [kurongedza] kusimba (kurongedza [2] kurongedza sterelization), kurongedza [2]
1, mhedzisiro yenzira yekusanganisa noodles pane masticability yetsva nyowani uye yakanyorova manhau
Noodle kusanganisa inguva yakakosha mune yekugadzira maitiro ezvinyorwa zvitsva zvakanyorova, uye zvinhu zvakadai senzira, nguva uye nekumhanya kwekuvhiringidzika kwekupararira kwehupfumi [3]. Unhu hwehupamhi hwekuvhenganisa hunobata zvakananga nezve kunaka kweiyo inotevera maitiro uye chigadzirwa chekupedzisira [2]. Midziyo mikuru ndeyekunyora mushini muchina.
Iyo vacuum four midhiya inouya idanho rakaburitswa rutsvairo yekusanganisa midziyo mumakore apfuura. Nekuti kudzvinyirirwa kwevacuum kunochengetwa muupfumi hunosangana, hupfu hwekudziya kunodzivirirwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mvura yemunyu inotsemurwa mumhando yemanyo pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakaipa, uye mvura yemunyu uye hupfu zvakazara uye zvakanyanyisa kusanganiswa. Mapuroteni ari mufurawa anogona kunyatsoita mvura munguva pfupi pfupi. Iyo huwandu hwemvura yakawedzerwa inogona kusvika 46% kana anopfuura, kugadzira yakanakisa gluten network, ichigadzira marobhoti mamwe elastic [2].
Li Man Et Al. . Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti nekuwedzera kweVaCuum, maitiro ezvinyorwa zvevachena zvakanyatsogadziriswa Kana iyo vacuum yaive 0.06 mpa, manhamba matsva emvura airatidza maitiro akanaka emhando.
Uye zvakare, mhedzisiro yekuongorora Electron acroscopy yakaratidza kuti vacuum uye noodle yakamisikidza imwe kuenderera mberi uye compact chimiro chevanyoro matsva emvura. Sezviri pachena, kutsvagurudza kwavo kunoratidza kuti kusanganisa uku kunovandudza kuomarara kwezviitiko zvitsva zvakanyorova kune imwe nhanho uye nekuchinjisa extsicity uye kubereka kwenhoroondo nyowani dzakanyorova.
Mhedzisiro yeakasiyana mafomula pane kutetepa kweye matsva emvura noodles
1, mhedzisiro yezvikafu zvekudya pakurevedzana kweiyo matsva emvura noodles
Parizvino, zvekuwedzera zvekudya zvakashandiswa kushandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda wekudya, zvine hukama hwakasiyana uye dzakasiyana siyana. Kune zvikamu makumi maviri nezvishanu zvekuwedzera zvekudya muChina, uye mhando dzasvika zvinopfuura 2000, uye kushandiswa kwacho kwakawedzera gore negore [6]. MaADSTVESESI YAKAITWA MUNOODLE Kugadziriswa kunonyanya kusanganisira denthen enhanks uye enzyme gadziriro (senge gadziriso), nezvimwe.
.
Simba rehunhu mutsva rakanyorova rinobata zvakananga kubereka kwayo kune imwe nhanho. Gluten enhancer ndirwo rudzi rwekudya zvekudya izvo zvinogona kubatanidzwa neProtein kuvandudza gluten kugadzirisa maitiro uye kuchengetwa kwegesi. Naizvozvo, iyo gluten enhancce inobatsira kuvandudza kubereka kweiyo nyowani dzakanyorova noodles.
1. Gluten hupfu
Gorosi Gluten, anozivikanwawo seyakajairwa gluten, chigadzirwa chakashanda chakawanikwa kubva kugorosi nekuoma, kupwanya uye zvimwe zvinhu mushure mezvinhu zvinonyangadza zvinogezwa nemvura [7]. Izvo zvinhu zvikuru zveGluten poda ndeye glutenin uye gliadin, iyo ine mvura yakasimba yemvura, viscoellasity, kuwedzera uye humwe hunhu. Icho chakanyanyisa hupfumi hwakavanzika, rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwechingwa, manhamba uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvefurawa.
Niu Qiaojuan et al. . Wu Yang [9] achienzanisa nemhedzisiro yeGluten, munyu uye xanthan gamu pakubika kwemhando yegorosi yakazara yegorosi yegorosi negorosi muhombodo yakachena yegorosi yakazara yegorosi.
Yu yang's yekuedza yekutsvaga yakawana kuti iyo gluten network yakaumbwa pakati peGluten negorosi hupfu hunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kugadzikana kwetsva yemvura nyoro. Kana iyo Gluten yekuwedzera mari ndeye 1.5% ~ 2.5%, mapuroteni ezvemukati ekunyora uye anonzwa kuongororwa kwetsvina yakanyanya kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya, kunyanya maererano nekutsvaka uye elasticity.
Naizvozvo, huwandu hwakakodzera hwegwenzi hupfu hunogona kuvandudza kunaka kwehunhu hutsva hwekunyorova kune imwe nhanho, zvekuti manhamba manyoro ekunyorova anoratidza zviri nani kutsvedza.
2. Cassava yakagadziridzwa starch, sodium alginate
Iyo yakashandurwa cassava starch inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekugadziridzwa, uye inogona kushandiswa seanoti, stabilizer, mvura inochengetedza mumiririri, etc.C. mune indasitiri yechikafu.
Sodium alginate ndeye anonic polysaccharide inobviswa kubva kuKelp kana bhiza re brown brown algae. Yayo molecule inoumbwa ne ú- mannuronic acid (β- dmannoronic, m) uye gadziriso guluooronic, g) yakabatana nekumanikidza (1-4) kiyi [10] kiyi). Solution yemvura yeSodium alginate ine yakakwira viscosity uye yava kushandiswa sekirinari, stabilizer, emulsifier, nezvimwe zvezvikafu.
Mao rujing [11] akatora hupfu hwakatsva hupfu hwenyaya, uye akadzidza zvinokonzerwa nemhando yepamusoro mhando dzakashandurwa senge clarch Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kana zviri mukati mekushandurwa kweCassava Starch Kuita kukuru kwacho kwaive kwekuti iyo mvura yekunyora manhamba emvura yakanyorova yakadzikira, nepo kuomarara, nekukasira uye nekufemerwa zvakavandudzwa.
Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti iyo composite denthencers yakagadziriswa (sodium alginate uye gluten) yakavandira nekuongororwa kwemanyoro ezvinyorwa zvakanyorova kusvika pakakura.
.
Iva akavakirwa pane gadziriso yeAmylase, shi yanpii et al. . Mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti:
2, Mhedzisiro yeChina chestnut poda pane nekucheka kwetsva dzakanyorova noodles
Chestnut ine akawanda ehutano mabasa. Iyo ine yakapfuma isina kusimbiswa mafuta acids, iyo inogona kudzora ropa lipds. Kune vanhu vane hypertension uye chirwere checoronary chemoyo, icho chakanaka chokudya mune 13]. Semunhu anogona kutsiva yegorosi yegorosi, Chinese chestnut yakazara hupfu hunonyanya kuumbwa neyakaomarara, iyo ine hunhu hweGyceem indekisi yeglycem, gluten yemahara, mapuroteni ezvematongerwo enyika.
Kuwedzera huwandu hwakaringana hwechipfuva
Li yang et al. [15] yakaita bvunzo dzekutsvagisa pane pesvedzero yechipfuva yakazara yechipfuva pane kunaka kwehunhu hwenhema dzakanyorova. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kuomarara, kuomarara uye kuderera kwemanyoro emvura ekupedzisira uyezve nekuwedzera kwechiteshi chechipfuva, kunyanya chestnut poda yekuwedzera kusvika 20%, maitiro ayo awakasvikira akanakisa.
Mukuwedzera, li yang et al. . Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti: Kugaya starch. Kuwedzerwa kwechipfuva zvachose kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuuraya dhizaini uye shuga index (gi) yeiyo nyowani uye yakanyorova chestnut hupfu. Kana kuwedzera kwechipfuva zvachose inopfuura 20%, inogona kushandura iyo nyowani yakanyorova gorange yegoridhe kubva pakakwirira eEgi chikafu (Emi> 75) kusvika pakati peiyo Egi Chikafu (55
Kazhinji, huwandu hwakakodzera hwechipfuva zvachose hunogona kuvandudza kubereka kwemanyoro ezvinyoro nyoro uye kuderedza iyo starch yekugaya uye shuwa index yemanyorerwe ezvinyorwa zvitsva.
3, mhedzisiro yefurawa pane chekushandiswa kwetsva nyowani dzakanyorova noodles
.
Hupfu hwegorosi ndiyo yakanyanya kukosha mitsara yezvinyorwa zvekugadzirwa kwefurawa nyowani. Whezheni yegorosi ine mhando dzakasiyana uye inozivikanwa seupfu) inogona kuwanikidzwa, kuongorora uye kuiswa uye mitezo yekugeda,
Hukuru hweGigo hwegorosi ndeimwe yezvakakosha zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunaka kwefurawa nyowani, uye saizi yetsika yefurawa inoenderana nekunyorwa kwayo.
Qi Jing et al. 19] 19] akadzidza uye akaedza chimiro, sensory, zvemuviri uye zvemakemikari zvivakwa zvetsva zvefurawa yakanyorova yakagadzirwa kubva muupfu uine saizi dzakasiyana. Mhedzisiro yekutsvaga kwehunhu hwayo hunoratidza kuti kuomarara, kuomarara, kushamwaridzana, kunyanya hunhu hwehunhu hwetsva,
Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti saizi yegorosi yegorosi yaive nesimba rakakura pane hunhu hwehunhu hwezvinyorwa zvitsva zvakanyorova, izvo zvakanyatsonaka nekuchena kwemanyoro ezvinyorwa zvitsva.
.
Yakakodzera yakaoma kupisa kurapwa kwefurawa haigone kuderedza zvinyoro-nyoro, kuuraya hutachiona hwefurawa mufurawa, asiwo maitactivate enzymes muupfu [20]. Izvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa four kugadzirisa maitiro ndeye gluten protein uye starch mamorekuru muupfu. Dry Heat kurapwa kuchaita polymerize gluten, nokudaro kuve nekukanganisa kwakakosha pane hupfu hwekugadzirisa maitiro [21].
Wang zhizhong uye akadzidza uye akaedza noodles nyowani uye akanyorova akagadzirwa kubva pakaoma uye kupisa kwefurawa. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kupisa uye kupisa kwefurawa zvinogona kuvandudza kuomarara uye nekucheka kwenyaya uye kudzora zvakanyorova uye kutsungirira kwetsvina uye yakanyorova noodles. Kuomerwa kwayo uye nekukumbira kwacho kwasvika pakukwira pa120 Izvi zvakaratidza kuti kuchema kwemutsva uye kwakanyorova kwefurawa kwakavandudzwa nekuomesa kupisa kurapa kwefurawa kusvika kune imwe nhanho.
4, mhedzisiro yeiyo yogati yekukudzwa kwemanyoro matsva emvura
Yogurt rudzi rwechigadzirwa che curd chinogadzirwa neFermentation uye kuriridzwa kweiyo chaiyo lactic acid bactia. Iyo ine kunaka kwakanaka, kukosha kwakanyanya kwehutano, kugaya kuri nyore uye kusvetuka, uye kunogona kuvandudza blora yemukati uye kudzora basa regastrointestinal [23].
Yogurt kwete kungochengetedza zvese zvisikwa zvemukaka mutsva, asi zvakare zvinogona zvakare kubereka mavhitimu emazambiringa akakosha nekuda kwehutano hwevanhu panguva yekufemerwa, yakadai seVitamini B1, Vitamini B2 uye Vitamini B2. Nekuda kwekutsamwa kweiyo lactic acid bacticsia, apo ichivandudza izvo zvinovaka, zvinoburitsawo zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakanaka, izvo zvinogona kudzora zvakanyanya mabasa emuviri [24].
Li zhen et al. . Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kuwedzera kwehuwandu hweYoghurt kwakawedzerwa, kuomarara uye kubereka kwemanyoro matsva ekunyorova kwakawedzera, nepo visikoka, kushungurudzika uye kushushikana uye kushushikana zvishoma nezvishoma zvakadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuomarara uye kubereka kwekodhi kwakanyatsoenderana nekuravira kwema noodles. Marobhoti ane simba rakakura reShear rakasimba uye rakanyanya kusvika [26].
Vakaongorora kuti shanduko inogona kukonzerwa nezvikonzero zviviri zvinotevera:
Kutanga, nekuwedzera kwechikamu cheYogurt, huwandu hwemvura hunowedzerwa kune manyoro matsva anoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye zvemvura yakaderera zvichaita kuti mukanyiwa ugare wakaoma, saka kuomarara kweiyo matsva emvura ari kuwedzera;
Chechipiri, iyo visikopa yetsva nyowani dzakanyorova dzinoratidza kusimba kwemukati memukati menerufu dzakanyorova. Iyo yakakura iyo viscosity, iyo yakanyanya starch zvidimbu zvakabatanidzwa pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvitsva zvakanyoroveswa, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakanyanyisa mumugodhi panguva yekubika.
Iyo viscosity yetsva manhamba emvura yakadzikira zvakanyanya mushure mekuwedzera yogati yekunyorova kwemasikati yekubheka
Mapuroteni muYogurt anowedzera mapuroteni muupfu, uye mafuta ari mu yogt anogadzirisa manhamba ekunyorova, nekuvandudza maitiro ekunyorova emvura uye nekuvandudza kuravira kwemanyoro emanyoro emvura idzva [25]. Naizvozvo, yogati yakavandudza kubereka kwemanyoro matsva emvura kune imwe nhanho, kupa vanhu kuravira kuri nani kwemaoko matsva emvura.
Sezvo manhamba matsva akanyorova zvakanyanya uye anofarirwa nevatengi, vanhu vanobhadharawo zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kutarisisa kuravira kwetsva nyowani. Zvidzidzo zvichangobva kuitika zvinoratidza kuti kuchine zvimwe zvikanganiso mumhando yehunhu hutsva hwekunyorova, kunyanya mukuvandudzwa kwekutsvaka kwemanyoro ezvinyorwa zvitsva. Naizvozvo, maitiro ekuvandudza chibodzwa, kukoshesa uye kukoshesa kwehutano hwezvinyorwa zvitsva kubva pazvinhu zvekugadzirisa tekinoroji uye fomu yekugadzirisa ichiripo ichiripo kwekutsvaga mune ramangwana.
Kutumira Nguva: Nov-25-2022